Index / Natural Phenomena / Glacier
Natural Phenomena
Glacier
River of ice
Snow compacts to firn to ice; above the Equilibrium Line Altitude it accumulates, below it ablates. Under its own weight the ice deforms plastically and slides on meltwater, carving U-shaped valleys and dropping lateral, medial, and terminal moraines as it retreats.
Key specifications
Flow rate
10 – 1,000 m/yr
Plastic flow depth
~60 m below surface
World ice
~69% of fresh water
Oldest ice
~2.7 M yr (Antarctica)
Sheet 009 · Plate 1 of 1 · 1:1 infographic
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